C1 Advanced Parte 4: key word transformation

La parte 4 del C1 Advanced: key word transformation, con las estructuras que más se repiten y ejercicios con soluciones explicadas.

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La parte 4 es la que más miedo da y la que más se puede entrenar. Te dan una frase, una palabra obligatoria que no puedes cambiar, y tienes que reescribirla con entre tres y seis palabras sin que cambie el significado.

Las reglas del juego

ReglaDetalle
La palabra dada no se toca.Ni el tiempo verbal ni el número. Si te dan make, no puedes escribir made.
Entre tres y seis palabras.Las contracciones cuentan como dos: don’t es do not.
Se puntúa en dos mitades.Puedes sacar medio punto aunque falles la otra mitad. Nunca dejes una en blanco.
El significado tiene que ser el mismo.No vale una frase correcta que diga algo parecido.

Las estructuras que más se repiten

EstructuraEjemplo
Pasiva y causativahave something done, get something done
Condicionales e invertidasHad I known, Should you need
Reporting verbsaccused him of, apologised for, denied
Comparativosthe more…, the more…, not nearly as
Expresiones con itit was not until, it is no use
Wish y regretI wish I had, if only

Ejercicio 1 · Completa la segunda frase

Entre tres y seis palabras, incluida la palabra en mayúsculas.

  1. I did not realise how late it was until I got home. ONLY · ___ home did I realise how late it was.Only when I got — estructura enfática con inversión detrás.
  2. She rarely complains about anything. SELDOM · ___ about anything.Seldom does she complain — inversión tras adverbio negativo al principio.
  3. It was a mistake to ignore his advice. SHOULD · I ___ his advice.should not have ignored — reproche sobre el pasado.
  4. They will probably cancel the concert. LIKELY · The concert ___ cancelled.is likely to be — probabilidad en pasiva.
  5. Nobody expected him to win. LAST · He was ___ win.the last person to — el último del que se esperaba.
  6. As soon as she arrived, the trouble started. SOONER · No ___ than the trouble started.sooner had she arrived — no sooner… than, con inversión.

Ejercicio 2 · Key word transformation

Reescribe la frase usando la palabra en mayúsculas. Entre tres y seis palabras, sin cambiar la palabra dada.

  1. They cancelled the concert because of the storm. CALLED · The concert ___ because of the storm.was called off — call off = cancelar, aquí en pasiva.
  2. I regret not telling her the truth. WISH · I ___ her the truth.wish I had told — arrepentimiento sobre el pasado con past perfect.
  3. Nobody has cleaned this office for weeks. BEEN · This office ___ for weeks.has not been cleaned — presente perfecto en pasiva.
  4. It is possible that he missed the train. MAY · He ___ the train.may have missed — posibilidad sobre el pasado.
  5. She started working here five years ago. BEEN · She ___ five years.has been working here for — for mide la duración.
  6. I would prefer you not to smoke in the car. RATHER · I ___ in the car.would rather you did not smoke — would rather + sujeto + pasado.
  7. The film was so long that we left early. SUCH · It ___ that we left early.was such a long film — such a + adjetivo + sustantivo.
  8. He only understood the problem when he saw the report. UNTIL · Not ___ he understand the problem.until he saw the report did — not until al principio obliga a invertir.

Ejercicio 3 · Key word transformation

Entre tres y seis palabras. No cambies la palabra en mayúsculas.

  1. I did not go because I had no money. HAD · If I ___ money, I would have gone.had had — tercer condicional.
  2. Somebody should have told us about the change. OUGHT · We ___ about the change.ought to have been told — pasiva de ought to have.
  3. It was a mistake to lend him the car. NOT · I ___ him the car.should not have lent — reproche sobre algo ya hecho.
  4. The last time I saw Ana was in June. SINCE · I ___ June.have not seen Ana since — since marca el punto de partida.
  5. They will probably finish the road next year. LIKELY · The road ___ next year.is likely to be finished — be likely to + infinitivo, aquí en pasiva.
  6. Whatever you say, he will not change his mind. MATTER · ___ say, he will not change his mind.No matter what you — equivale a whatever.
  7. I am sure she was not at home. CANNOT · She ___ at home.cannot have been — certeza negativa sobre el pasado.
  8. The moment the bell rang, everyone stood up. SOONER · No ___ than everyone stood up.sooner had the bell rung — no sooner exige inversión con past perfect.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Cuántas palabras cuentan las contracciones?
Dos. Wasn’t cuenta como was not.
¿Y si me paso de seis palabras?
Se anula, aunque la frase sea correcta. Cuenta siempre antes de pasar a la siguiente.