B1 Preliminary Parte 6: open cloze de gramática

La parte 6 del B1 Preliminary: el open cloze de gramática, con la tabla de qué palabra suele faltar en cada hueco y ejercicios con soluciones explicadas.

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La parte 6 es un texto con seis huecos y una sola palabra en cada uno, sin opciones. Aquí lo que se examina es gramática: preposiciones, artículos, auxiliares, pronombres y conectores.

Qué palabra suele faltar

TipoEjemplosPista
Preposicionesin, on, at, for, of, toSi delante hay un verbo o un adjetivo, casi seguro es la preposición que lleva fijo.
Auxiliareshave, has, had, did, wasMira si el verbo siguiente es participio o gerundio.
Artículos y determinantesthe, a, an, some, anyEl hueco va justo antes de un sustantivo.
Pronombres relativoswho, which, that, whoseDetrás hay una frase que describe al sustantivo anterior.
Conectoresalthough, because, so, howeverEl hueco abre una frase y cambia la dirección de la idea.
Comparativosthan, as, more, mostHay una comparación cerca.

Nunca se escribe más de una palabra. Si has puesto dos, está mal por definición, aunque tenga sentido.

Ejercicio 3 · Escribe una sola palabra

Una palabra por hueco. Pulsa Comprobar al terminar.

  1. I have been learning English ___ five years.for — marca duración. Since marcaría el punto de partida: since 2021.
  2. ___ you like to come with us on Saturday?Would — Would you like…? es la forma de invitar. Do you like preguntaría si te gusta en general.
  3. She is the girl ___ won the competition last year.who (o that) — pronombre relativo para personas. Which solo vale para cosas.
  4. If I ___ you, I would apply for that job.were (también se acepta was) — segundo condicional. If I were you es la fórmula fija para dar consejo.
  5. It is the best film I have ___ seen.ever — acompaña al superlativo con present perfect: the best… I have ever seen.

Ejercicio 2 · Escribe una sola palabra

Gramática pura: preposiciones, auxiliares y conectores.

  1. I have been studying English ___ I was eight years old.since — marca el punto de partida. For marcaría la duración.
  2. She is interested ___ learning Japanese.in — interested in, siempre.
  3. If you ___ not hurry, we will miss the train.do — negativa en present simple dentro del primer condicional.
  4. This is the house ___ my grandparents were born.where — relativo de lugar.
  5. He is not old ___ to drive a car.enough — old enough to: suficientemente mayor para.
  6. I would rather stay at home ___ go out tonight.than — would rather X than Y.
  7. We could not go out ___ of the rain.because of — con sustantivo. Because solo pediría sujeto y verbo.
  8. She has lived here ___ over ten years.for — duración.

Ejercicio 2 · Open cloze

Escribe UNA sola palabra en cada hueco.

The bench with a name on it

There is a wooden bench at the top of the hill behind our village, and on the back of it there is a small metal plate (1) says: For Elsie, who walked here every day.

Nobody in the village seems to know exactly (2) Elsie was. The bench was put there in 1998, according to the council records, but the person (3) paid for it did not leave a surname.

What (4) happened since then is unusual. People began leaving things on the bench: a stone, a flower, once a pair of walking boots. Nobody organised this, and (5) is any sign asking visitors to do it.

Last year the bench was so damaged by rain that it had to (6) replaced. The council asked whether the plate should be kept, and received forty seven letters saying yes, several of them (7) people who had never lived in the village at all. The new bench went up in March, (8) the same plate, cleaned but not polished.

  1. (1)which o that — relativo referido a plate.
  2. (2)who — pregunta indirecta sobre una persona.
  3. (3)who o that — relativo sujeto de paid.
  4. (4)has — presente perfecto: what has happened since then.
  5. (5)nor — continúa la negación anterior con inversión.
  6. (6)be — had to be replaced, pasiva con infinitivo.
  7. (7)from — cartas procedentes de esas personas.
  8. (8)with — con la misma placa.

Ejercicio 3 · Open cloze

Escribe UNA sola palabra en cada hueco.

Why I keep the receipts

My father kept every receipt he was ever given, in shoeboxes, arranged (1) year. When he died we found sixty one boxes, and my sister wanted to throw them all (2) .

I asked her to wait. It took me four evenings to go (3) the first box, and by the end of it I had changed my mind about what the boxes were. They are not (4) about money. A receipt from a petrol station in 1987 tells you where he was on a Tuesday in August, how far he had driven and what time he stopped.

I have kept eight boxes, the ones (5) cover the years before I was born. The rest went to the recycling centre, which took less time (6) I expected and felt much worse.

My sister thinks I am being sentimental, and she may (7) right. But she asked me last month whether we still had the box from 1974, (8) was the year our parents met.

  1. (1)by — arranged by year = ordenados por año.
  2. (2)away — throw away = tirar.
  3. (3)through — go through = revisar de principio a fin.
  4. (4)really (también valen only o just) — no van realmente de dinero.
  5. (5)that o which — relativo referido a the ones.
  6. (6)than — comparativo con less.
  7. (7)be — she may be right.
  8. (8)which — relativo que se refiere a toda la idea anterior, detrás de coma.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Puedo escribir una contracción?
Don’t cuenta como una palabra, así que sí, pero solo si el hueco lo admite. En la duda, escribe la forma completa si cabe en un hueco.
¿Se penalizan las faltas de ortografía?
Sí. En esta parte la palabra tiene que estar escrita correctamente para puntuar.